Manufacture of structural material.



J. FAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1911.

- Patented June 20, 1911.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

III F WITNESSESI Y a INVENTOR %.,{W MJUMQW L, Bum

J. FAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1911.

996,008, 7 Patented June 20, 1911;

12 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. FAWELL.

MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. s, 1911.

996,008, Patented June 20, 1911.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR J. PAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

Ptented June 20, 1911.

12 SHBETS-SHEET 4.v

APPLICATION FILED 13212.3, 1911.

Atty

J. PAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL,

APPLICATION I'ILED FEB.3,1911.

12 SHEETSSHEET 5v Patented June 20, 1911.

J. PAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED PEB'.3,1911.

Patented June 20, 1911.

1 2 SEEETS-SHEET 6.

I INVENTR J. FAWELL.

MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1911. 996,008, Patented June 20, 1911.

12 SHEETS-11131 7.

HI Ill R O T N E V N WITN isszs:

J. FAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLIOATION FILED I'EB. 3, 1911. 996,008. Patented June 20, 1911.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

A\INVENTOR 1 1 :1 1 1 m 111 I m w Q 1 K 1 H am am Llll lm u 0 1 1 3 0 Q M m a \\\.t nu mu m L n. QN on 1 LL \I Q -Emc WITN ESSESI J. FAWELL. MANUFACTURE OF STRUOTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1911.

Patented June 20, 1911.

12 SHEETSSHEET 9.

I INVENTOR WITNESSESZ J. FAWELL.

MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. s, 1911.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

WITNESSES; v INVENTOR 3,51,; 1' 1M J. FAWEL'L. MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

Patented June 20, 1911.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1911. 996,008.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 12.

Fuzz 21.

INVENTOR invir n salar es Parnnr caries.

J' OSEPH FAYiTELL, F PITTSBURG. PENNSYLVANIA.

. MANUFACTURE QF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL.

aaiioos.

Specification of Letters Patent. P t nted June 20, 1911.

Application filed February 3, 1911. Serial No. 606,417.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEPH FAw-ELL, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, citizen of Ethe United'States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvelnents in the Manufacture of Structural Material, of which improvements the following is a specification.

The invention described herein relates to certairi improvements in mills for rolling structural. material. y v For reasons. well known to those skilled in the art it is exceedingly ditlicult to roll structural shapes such as I beams in two or threehigh mills especially if such' articles have Wideflanges'. Hence resort has been had to universal mills havingthe reducing.

passes formed by horizontal and vertical rolls.

Several types of this form of mill have been suggested, one'having fixed passes formed by non-adjustable horizontal and Vertical rolls, the latter bein driven directly by the former." The several stands of these '25 rolls are arranged in tandem so that during reduction, the metal is rolled in one direction only and therefore themetal is not properly worked- In addition to this most serious objection, there'are many difiiculties encountered in its use which have prevented its practical adoption. A second type of universal mill which has been put into practical use, has its'vertical and horizontal rolls adjustable, soas to vary the dimensions of the pass after each reduction of the article which is rolled forward and back between the same rolls. There are many objections both as I regards construction, operation and renewal to this style of mill, the most serious objection being that by reason of the repeated back and forth passing of the large mass of highly heated metal between the rolls, the

.latter become sohighly heated as to Wear away very rapidly requiring frequent re object the combination of a series of stands of universally arranged rolls in such manner that reduction is effected by back and forth r0lling of the' metal in successive passes into proper operative relation. to form the. desired pass.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

'zontal plane tangential to upper roll of the front stand.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of a mill embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional line. II-II Fig. 1; Fig.3 is a front eleva- 4 is a sectional elevation of the pinion housing' and a stand of rolls; Fig. 5is aside elevation on an enlarged scale of the pinion housings; Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the same on a plane indicated by the line VI-VI Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a side elevation oir an enlarged scale of a stand of rolls; Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation ofthe same; Figs. 9, 10 and 11 are sectional plan views the planes of section being indicated respectively by the lines IXIX, X-X and XI-XI Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is an elevation showing the relative arrangement of horizontal rolls to form a pass; Figs. 13 to 21 inclusive show the several successive passes for reducing a blank to a finished beam; Fig. 22' is a sectional elevation illustrating a modification of my improved mill; Fig. 23 is a sectional elevation showing the driving pinions and their housing for the-construction of mill shown in Fig. 22 and Fig. 24 is a sectional elevation showing a further modification of my improvement.

In the practice of my invention it is preferred that two stands of rolls, each stand mately in a common vertical plane, should be arranged in the same housing one lll frontof the other and the top of thelower. roll of the rear stand being above a'horithe top of the IVhere a plurality ofpasses is required as in reducing a beam blank to afinished beam, two, or more pairs ofstands of rolls are'arranged side by side and the rolls of one stand have their journals connected by Wabblers and couplings to the journals of corresponding rolls of the adjacent pairs of stands.

In rolling it is preferred that the article: be fed bya. suitable table into the pass formed by the front and lower stand of rolls, from which it'is received on a suitable vertically movable table. As soon as the article has passed onto the table, the latter is raised and its feed rollers are reversed to feed the elevation of the same the plane of section being indicated by the article into the pass formed by therear and upper stand of rolls. From this stand of rolls the article passes over the front'and lower stand of rolls onto a table which may be the table employed for feeding the article into the first. pass or may be a second table; In either case the table is laterally movable and a portion at least vertically movable. As soon as the article'has passed onto this table it or a portion thereof is lowered' and the upper rear stand of eachpair. By employing horizontally stationary tables in the rear of the mill, the delay incident to shifting a table \laterally and bringing it into exactline with a pass is avoided. lVith laterallystationary tables and with'the passes of a pair, of standsin or substantially in line with each other vertically, onlya vertical 'movement of the table is necessary.

It will be. observed that in my improved mill. the article is rolled first one way and then the other as is necessary to properly knead the metal and that the blank is progressively reduced in the successive passes to the fimshed articles as shown 111 Figs. 13 to 21 inclusive. As reduction is effected in successive independent passes, excessive heating .of'the rolls is prevented as the rolls after acting on an article will have opportunity to cool down very considerably before another blank is started through themill.

It is preferred that two stands of rolls should be arranged in a common housing, in which case the sides '1 of the housing are provided with. windows 2 and 3, the former being considerably longer than the rear windows 3, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The caps 4 are preferably notched on their under sides for the reception of the upper ends of legs,

into-which the sides l'are divided by the windows, thereby tying such legs together. ,These caps areheld in position bybolts .5. In eachof the windows of the housing is im ranged .as shown in Fig. 7 a supporting I block 6-for the journals 7 of the lower roll 8,.

a frame formed intwo sections 9, 9 for the vertical rolls 10, acarrier 11,-and rider '12 "for the journals 13 of the upperrolls 14, :as shown' in Figs. 7, 9, 10 and 11"." Each of saidparts is provided with flanges, which extend'laterally beyond the edgesof the win-' dows and over-lap for a short distance the outer faces of the sides of the housing, and

through-these flanges are passed bolts for securing the parts to the housing. In order to permlt' of the. rolls being adjusted intoproper relation .to each other, either when the mill is erected or to compensate for wear, the openings in the flanges through. which the securing olts pass are elongated "verticallyas shown inFig. 7

.,As the; bolts whereby the rider isattached to the housing as stated, will not present sufficient resistance tot-he upward thrust on the upper rolls when a piece is being rolled, screws 15 are passed through the cap 4 and bear in one case directly on the rider and in.

the case of the lower stand of rolls on filling blocks 16 which in turn bear on the riders.

These screws are employed for effecting such slight adjustment of the upper rolls as is necessary to move the latter into proper operative relation to the other rolls and not for a shifting of the upper roll for varying the dimensions of the pass for the reduction of a piece which has been previously rolled in such pass.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 7, the journals of the vertical rolls 10 aremo'unted in the sections 9 and 9 of their supporting frames, which rest on shoulders 17 extending into the windows 2 and 3. It is preferred however that liners 18 should be interposed between the shoulders and frames to facilitate the adjustment of the vertical rolls. Similar liners 19 are interposed between these frames 9, 9 and the carriers of the upper roll .14 as shown in Fig. 7. r

In order to prevent the piece from striking the vertical rolls in entering apass and also from striking the housing after leaving a pass, guard pieces 20, 20320 and 20 are secured to the inner faces of the housing in line horizontally with the vertical rolls and project inwardly a distance nearly equal to the inward projection of the vertical rolls as shown in Figs. 4, 7,19, 10 a'nd 11. These guardsare beveled, or 'ven an outward flare so as to properly direct the piece be-.

tweenthe v'ert-icalrolls. The, guards 20 and 20 on theentering sides of the passes are" provided with ledges 21 projecting inwardly and serving as fore-plates to support the article, as it approachesthe rolls. The guards 20* and 209 on the delivery sides of the passes are provided with flanges 22 to which are sec ured the upper strippers 23. '.The lower stripper 24'is supported'by flanges 25 on the guard piece 90, while the lower stri-pper 26 is supported by blocks 27 secured to the inner faces of the housings.

' As before stated, it is preferred although not necessary, to feed the article into the lower stand of" rolls and after passing through this to raise at least the end of the article to the level of' the upperstand of rolls. As the feed table or tables cannot extend in under the upper stand ofrolls, one

or more feed rollers 28 are provided to bridge the space between strippers 23 and 26 and the end of the feed table, as shown in Figs. 4, 7, 8 and 11. rollers, which project through the sides of the housing are mounted in suitable bearings 29 arranged in suitable openings in the housing as shown in Fig. 11. When a series of two or more rollers 29ers arranged in line,

gear Wheels 30 are secured on the ends of the journals adjacent to the gear housing of the mill as shown in Fig. 4. These gear wheels interinesh with a pinion 31 'on a shaft 32 which preferably has its respective ends mounted in suitable hearings in adjacent sides of the gear and roll housing, as shown in Fig. 4. This shaft may be driven inv any. suitable manner but preferably by an ,ing ends of the journals of the horizontal rolls so constructed, as is customary in the electric motor 33 having on its armature shaft a pinion intermeshlng w1th a gear wheel 34 on shaft 32 The opposite journals of the rollers 28 aresuitably shaped to permit of their being. connected by the coupling member 35 to the journals of the correspondingrollers of the next mill.

The first mill of the series has the project-- art, as to enable them to be placed in driving connection by wabblers 36 and coupling boxes 37 with the ends of the shafts 38 and 39 of the driving pinions. 40 and 41. The

*shiftsof the pinions' are -mounted in the sides 42 of the gearing housing as shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the shafts 38 being in line or approximately so with thehorizontal rolls of the lower stand, and the shafts 39 similarly arranged with reference to the rolls of the upper stand of rolls. The upper pinion of one pair and the lower pinion of the other pair inter-mesh Wllll a pinion 43 on the'shaft 44, which is suitablyconnected to the driv- I ing shaft 44 as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. B this construction and arrangement of dr1vthose of an adjoining unit, except at the engine end, where as before stated the journals on one end of the horizontal rolls would be connected to the driving pinions, it is pre ferred to employ an engine at both ends of the line of mills so that only two mills, or-

. units will be driven by one engine. In operating this mill,.the article as it comes from the blooming mill is placed, on a feed table 45 having positively driven and-reversible The journals of these rollers and adapted to be shifted laterally from one mill or unit to the next. A portion at least of this table is adapted to be raised and lowered by any suitable means known in the art as indicated'at 46 in Fig. 2.

While only one table of the character stated is necessary on what, for convenience, is termed the front side of the plant, it is preferred to employ two or more dependent on the number of mills or units forming the plant, so that two or more articles may be under reduction at the same time. It is preferred as reducing cost of'erection and the delay of adjusting a laterally movable'table to receiving position, to employ tables 47, 48, 49 and 50 stationary as regards lateral movement but having aportion at least vertically movable, on the rear side of the line of mills, as shown in Figs. land 2. The vertical movement of said tables may be imparted by any suitable means, such for example as that shown in Fig. 2.

The article properly heated is fed by one of the tables 45, 45 into the lower stand of rolls of'the-mill A froin which it passes onto the table 47, being carried from the reducing rolls to the table byfeed rollers 28. The article is then raised by table 47 so that it can be fed by reversing the rollers of said table, into the upper stand of rolls of mill or unit A. As the passes of the two stands of rolls in unit A, as is also the case in all the mills or units are in the'same vertical plane parallel with the lineof feed, no lateral shifting of the article need be made in order that it may enter bet-ween the rolls of the upper stand.

From the upper stand of mill A, the

article will pass over the upper roll of the lower stand onto the table 45, it having been raised as indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 8, to receiving position. The table 45 is next shifted laterally to bring the article in line with the passes of mill or unit B, where the above operations are repeated. At this point, when two feed tables are employed along the front of the series of mills, two modes of operation are practicable. First, the table which carried the article to mill B, could be shifted back to position in front of mill A after feeding the article into the lower stand of rolls of mill B, and. the second table moved to receiving I position in front of mill or unit B and thereafter employed for working the article through mills or units C and-D, while the first tablelis receiving another blank and -working it through the first or lower stand of rolls of mill or unit A. Or the first table on the receiving side may work the article through mills A andB and the first stand of rolls of mill C, and then be returned to receiving position in front of mill or unit A, and the second table employed for receiving the article from the upper stand of rolls directly ov'er the other.

of mill or unit 0 and for working it through mill D.

It is generally desirable that the finished article be delivered on the side of the mill opposite that on which the blank was initially started, and hence the finishing stand of rolls 'E is arranged on the rear side of the series of mills A, B, O, D, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the table 50 is shown extended to carry the articleto this finishing mill. As there are eight passes in the series of mills or units A to D, the last pass between the upper stand of rolls of mill D will deliver the article-to the second table 45 in front of the lines of mills, so-that it will be necessary to drop that table and feed the article a second time between the rolls of the lower stand of mill D onto table 50, whereby it will be carried to the finishingmill in which no material, reduction is effected beyond rolling down any fins or other roughness which may have been formed on the edges of the flanges. The mill may be of thetwo high or of the universal type, but is preferably constructed as regards the type and shape of thepass as described and claimed inapplication Serial No. 608,458 filed by me February 13, 1911.- A form of pass suitable for finishing the beam is shown in Fig. 21. It will be understood that the invention claimed herein is in nowise limited to the position of the finishing mill with reference to the other mills, as such mill can be an ranged in any desired'posit-ion relative to the other mills and such position, will vary according to many conditions.

While'it'is preferred toarrange the two stands of rolls forming a unit in one housing, they may be arranged in separate honslngs as shown in Fig.- 24. But in such case, feed rollers=52 would be required to carry the article from the lower stand of rolls under the upper stand of rolls onto the rear feed table, which is arranged as in Fig 2.

. Feed rollers. 53 would also be employed for carrying the article from the upper stand of rolls over the lower stand to the front feed table. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, that when two stands of rolls forming a unit, are. mounted in independent housings they may be separated any desired distance.

Asshown'in Fig. .22, the two r lls forming a unit may'bearranged one In which case the lower bearing blocksG, frames 9, 9 for the vertical rolls, the carriers 11, and riders 12 forthe horizontal rolls will be arranged in the same windows in the housing. It is preferred that the riders for upper roll of the lower stand and the bearingblocks for the lower roll of the upper stand should be adjustably secured to blocks 54, which are secured tothe sides of the housing as clearly indicated. In such an arrangement. the

stands of" pairs of pinions 10 and-t1 are arranged in line with each other lvertically, and have connected as hereinbefore described to a suitable motor.

While in Fig's.13 to 21 inclusive is shown 1 a relative combination and construction ofv rolls, whereby reduction is eflectedwithin planes coinciding with the outer faces of the flanges as described and claimed in an application filed by C. E. Duncan'and Joseph Fawell, February 13th, 1911, Serial No. 608,458, it will be understood that the claims made herein are not limited to. a combination and construction'of rolls for carrying-out such method of reduction, but said rolls may be arranged to-efi'ect any desired method of reduction. While I have disclosed herein an improved method-of rolling no claim is made thereto as the. same will form the subjectmatter of an application to be filed in due ime.

I claim herein as my inventioni 1. A rolling millhaving two sets or stands of rolls each set or stand consisting of two vertical and two horizontal rolls arranged to form a reducing pass and with their axes in or approximately in a common vertical plane, the sets or stands of rolls being so arranged that the central lines of the passes formed by the rolls are in or approximately in the-same vertical plane butin different horizontal planes in combination with means for rotating said sets of rolls in opposite directions respectively.

2. A; rolling mill having two sets or stands of rolls each set or stand consisting of two vertical and two horizontal rolls arranged to form a reducing pass andjwith'th'eir axes in or approximately in a common vertical plane, the sets or stands of rolls being so arranged that the central lines'o'f the passes formed by the rolls are in or approximately in the same vertical plane but in different horizontal planes 111 combmationwith means for rotating said sets of rolls inropposite di- 180131011 respect vely, and means on each a side of the mill for receiving an article from one stand of rolls-and feeding it to the other .set or stand of rolls.

"3. A rolling mill having two sets or stands of rolls each set or stand consisting of two vertical and two horizontal rollsfarranged to form areducingpass and with their'axes in or approximately in a common vertical plane, the sets or stands of rolls being so arranged that the central lines of the passes formed by the rolls are in or approximately in the same vertical plane but in different horizontal planes, in combination with means for rotating said sets of rolls in opposite directions respectively," and verticallv movable feed tables arranged respectively on the 'i front and rear sides of the mill.

4:. The combination of a series of mills or units each consisting of a lower stand of universally arranged rolls and an upper stand 1 of universally arranged rolls,-'the passes formed by; said stands of rolls being in or approximately "in the same vertical plane, a feed table. laterally movable along one side of the series of mills or units, means for moving a portionat least of said table vertically, a feedtablearranged' on the opposite side of the series of mills, and {means for moving a port-ion at least of said table vertically, I

5. The combination of aseries of mills or units each consisting'of a lower stand of.

universally. arranged rolls and an upper stand of universally. arranged rolls, the

passes formed by said stands of rollsbeing i tion at least of-saidtables vertically.

6. A rolling mill consisting of a lower stand of universally arranged rolls, an upper stand of universally "arranged rolls, the latter being out of line horizontally with reference to the lower stand ofrolls and having the pass formed by its rolls in line or approximately in line vertically with the pass formed by therolls of the lower stand,

in conibination with vertically movable teed table arranged to teed an article into the rollsjof. the lower stand, feed rolls arranged to receive the article-from the lower rolls and a vertically movable feed tablearranged toreceive the article from said rollers and to feed it into the rolls of the upper stand; i I

7. The combination of a series oftwo or more stands of universally arranged rolls,

said stands being arranged side by side with the axes of the rolls in or approximately in (topics of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by Washington, D; G.

a common vertical plane and a second seriesof two or anore stands of universally arranged rolls, the stands of the second series being arranged with the passes in a higher horizontal plane thanthe passes ofthe other series, the horizontal roll members of both series being driven by the horizontal rolls of the adjacent stand in same series.

8; The combination-of a seriesof two or more stands of universally arranged rolls, said stands being arranged side by side with the axes of the rolls in or approximately in a commonverti'cal plane, a'secon'd series of two or more stands/of universally arranged rolls,vthe stands of the second series being arranged with the passes in a higher horizontal plane than the passes of the other series, means for rotating the rolls of each series but in opposite directions respectively.

9. The combination of a stand consisting oi a pair of non-shiftable vertical and horizontal rolls, ,means for positively rotating the horizontal rolls, a second stand consisting of non-shiftable horizontal rolls and a pair of non-shiftable vertical rolls, and

means for rotating the horizontal rolls of the second stand in a direction opposite that of the horizontal rolls of the first stand, the

rolls of the two stands having their arms i indifferent vertical planes and having the passes forme by their respective rolls in the same ver cal plane but diilerent in different horizontal planes.

10. The combination of a series of three or more stands of universally arranged nonshiftable rolls, the passes formed by the rolls of said stands being adapted'to efiect a progressive reduction of an article, means for rotating the rolls of adjacent stands in opposite directions and means for reversing the direction of movement of the article after each reduction and feeding it into the next pass.

In testimony whereof, Ihave hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH FAWELL.

Witnesses: l

Osoan BRASHEAR, H. HAsLAM.

addressing tlie commissioner of laten'ts. 

